In America's Financial Apocalypse (extended 2006 version), I made the case for a trend of declining basic research from core scientific disciplines such as chemistry and physics. I also noted Western Europe's surge past the U.S. in patent applications.

As the chart below illustrates, the U.S. is not increasing R&D expenditures as a percentage of GDP, while Asia continues to pump more and more money into R&D.

Finally, I discussed the continuing trend of declining dollars from Washington to support organizations such as the NSF that provide grants for core research. As a result, over the years, corporate America has filled this funding gap. This trend has served to damage core research further.
.jpg)
On Tuesday, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to three Americans (although two have additional citizenship; Canadian and British) for the development of fiber optics and the charge-coupled device.
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20091006/ap_on_sc/eu_nobel_physics
Without a doubt these two developments were huge and have catapaulted the telecommunications and the photography industries. Together, they have played a primary role enabling the collection and transmission of digital data.
However, having been trained in chemistry and physics, I feel the award was a poor choice. A Nobel prize in physics should be reserved for advancements in basic research, not engineering. But you don't necessarily need a background in physics to realize the most recent Nobel Prize in Physics represents a departure from past awards.
Below I have listed all Nobel Prizes awarded for physics. As you can see, virtually all previous awards were for critical core science breakthroughs.
I mention this because I feel it is something very important to consider. The effects of diminished core research will not be felt for a few decades, but once they are in place it will take decades to correct.
The prize is being awarded jointly to:
JOHN C. MATHER and GEORGE C. SMOOT for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation
RICCARDO GIACCONI for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources
The prize is being awarded jointly to:
The prize is being awarded with one half jointly to:
ZHORES I. ALFEROV, and
HERBERT KROEMER for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics; and one half to:
JACK ST. CLAIR KILBY for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit.
1995
The prize was awarded for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics, with one half to: MARTIN L. PERL for the discovery of the tau lepton. and the other half to: FREDERICK REINES for the detection of the neutrino.
1994
1993
1992
GEORGES CHARPAK for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber.
1991
PIERRE-GILLES DE GENNES for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers.
1990
The prize was awarded jointly to:
JEROME I. FRIEDMAN, HENRY W. KENDALL and
RICHARD E. TAYLOR for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics.
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
The prize was awarded jointly to:
CARLO RUBBIA and SIMON VAN DER MEER for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction.
1983
1982
KENNETH G. WILSON for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions.
1981
1980
The prize was divided equally between:
JAMES W. CRONIN and VAL L. FITCH for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons.
1979
The prize was divided equally between:
SHELDON L. GLASHOW,
ABDUS SALAM and
STEVEN WEINBERG for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including inter alia the prediction of the weak neutral current.
1978
1977
1976
1975
The prize was awarded jointly to:
AAGE BOHR, BEN MOTTELSON and
JAMES RAINWATER for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection.
1974
The prize was awarded jointly to:
SIR MARTIN RYLE and ANTONY HEWISH for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars.
1973
The prize was divided, one half being equally shared between:
LEO ESAKI and IVAR GIAEVER , for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively,
1972
1971
DENNIS GABOR for his invention and development of the holographic method.
1970
1969
MURRAY GELL-MANN for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions.
1968
LUIS W. ALVAREZ for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis.
1967
HANS ALBRECHT BETHE for his contributions to the theory ofnuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars.
1966
ALFRED KASTLER for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying hertzian resonances in atoms.
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961
RUDOLF LUDWIG MÖSSBAUER for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name.
1960
1959
1958
1957
The prize was awarded jointly to:
CHEN NING YANG and TSUNG-DAO LEE for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles.
1956
1955
1954
1953
FRITS (FREDERIK) ZERNIKE for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast microscope.
1952
The prize was awarded jointly to:
FELIX BLOCH and EDWARD MILLS PURCELL for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith.
1951
1950
CECIL FRANK POWELL for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with this method.
1949
HIDEKI YUKAWA for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces.
1948
1947
SIR EDWARD VICTOR APPLETON for his investigations of the physics of the upper atmosphere especially for the discovery of the so-called Appleton layer.
1946
PERCY WILLIAMS BRIDGMAN for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made therewith in the field of high pressure physics.
1945
WOLFGANG PAULI for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli Principle.
1944
ISIDOR ISAAC RABI for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei.
1943
OTTO STERN for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton.
1942-1940
The prize money was allocated to the Main Fund (1/3) and to the Special Fund (2/3) of this prize section.
1939
ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements.
1938
ENRICO FERMI for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons.
1937
1936
1935
1934
The prize money was allocated to the Main Fund (1/3) and to the Special Fund (2/3) of this prize section.
1933
1932
WERNER HEISENBERG for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen.
1931
The prize money was allocated to the Main Fund (1/3) and to the Special Fund (2/3) of this prize section.
1930
1929
1928
1927
1926
JEAN BAPTISTE PERRIN for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium.
1925
The prize was awarded jointly to:
JAMES FRANCK and GUSTAV HERTZ for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom.
1924
1923
1922
NIELS BOHR for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them.
1921
ALBERT EINSTEIN for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.
1920
CHARLES EDOUARD GUILLAUME in recognition of the service he has rendered to precision measurements in Physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys.
1919
JOHANNES STARK for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields.
1918
1917
1916
The prize money for 1916 was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section.
1915
1914
MAX VON LAUE for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals.
1913
HEIKE KAMERLINGH-ONNES for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia to the production of liquid helium.
1912
NILS GUSTAF DALÉN for his invention of automatic regulators for use in conjunction with gas accumulators for illuminating lighthouses and buoys.
1911
WILHELM WIEN for his discoveries regarding the laws governing the radiation of heat.
1910
1909
1908
GABRIEL LIPPMANN for his method of reproducing colors photographically based on the phenomenon of interference.
1907
ALBERT ABRAHAM MICHELSON for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid.
1906
SIR JOSEPH JOHN THOMSON in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases.
1905
1904
LORD JOHN WILLIAM STRUTT RAYLEIGH for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies.
1903
1902
The prize was awarded jointly to:
HENDRIK ANTOON LORENTZ and PIETER ZEEMAN in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena.
1901
WILHELM CONRAD RÖNTGEN in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him.
See Our Copyright Policy
Copyright © 2008-2013. AVA Investment Analytics, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
Restrictions Against Reproduction: No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the Publisher.
These articles and commentaries cannot be reposted or used in any publications for which there is any revenue generated directly or indirectly. These articles cannot be used to enhance the viewer appeal of any website, including any ad revenue on the website, other than those sites for which specific written permission has been granted. Any such violations are unlawful and violators will be prosecuted in accordance with these laws.
Article 19 of the United Nations' Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.
Printing Version
More On Economics